Best Research Paper Topics for 2018 - Paperell.com

Best Research Paper Topics for 2018 Best Topics For Writing A Research Paper In 2018 Chances are all of you have heard about this type of academic activity, which, without a doubt, is an effective method of testing students’ skills and knowledge. As you can see from the name, it is based on an individual research conducted by students. Such papers help people develop their research skills, ability to collect, organize, and analyze data, boosts scientific intuition, creative approach to the perception of knowledge, and practical application for solving scientific problems. It is one of the most significant assignments in the university.A project of this type is usually assigned to elder students. Besides, it is considered that writing a research paper is an effective way to prepare students of PhD and MA programs to writing their final projects – dissertations or theses. In any case, this is a responsible task that takes lots of attention. Besides, the grade a student receives for it usually has a large influence on the overall performance and final grad e, which is why it is so important not to fail it and in this post, we will tell you how to avoid a failure and give you a list of great college research paper topics for your consideration!How To Write Good Research Paper For College?Such work is written after a student has conducted an in-depth investigation of the particular problem, obtained certain results, and made an objective analysis of the outcome. It is not a simple task. Of course, if you approach the process wrong and use obsolete tools or methods, you will need to spend hours studying relevant and not so relevant literature, sorting it, and also writing and rewriting your work. However, you can optimize the process and thus, reduce the waste of time and effort. How to do this? These simple but effective pieces of advice should help you improve your results with minimum efforts:Start looking for ideas for research papers as early as possible;Set a clear theme;Do not choose too easy research paper topics and do not pick too complex ones as well, find a perfect balance of complexity, depth, and relevance of the chosen subject;Use special academic search engines to reduce the time spent on the research;Keep all the obtained data, links, and other materials well organized and stored in a safe place;Plan an introduction in advance and make it catchy;Keep the word limit in mid;Consider the individual goals of every chapter when writing it;Do not forget to underline the value of your research work and mention the possibility for further research;Make a review of the literature;Use clichà ©s for different sections – often, standard phrases and language constructions can save you lots of time;Make sure that you correctly cite your resources;Proofread and edit your text after having some rest and with a clear mind.These few tips can make the process a bit easier. However, you have to face the truth – it will be a challenge to write a good work as it will take all of your time, energy, and ski lls, while the stakes are too high because if you fail, your overall academic performance can drop significantly! What to do if you are not ready to take the responsibility? In the case if there is no way you can handle this assignment all by yourself, you started when it was too late, can’t find enough motivation or simply doubt your abilities, you can  buy research paper online. This will rid you of the risks and should save you a bunch of time and nerves if you choose a good company that employs specialists who know their business. Thus, it might be the best decision if you can’t do it yourself.How To Choose Interesting Topics For Research Paper?Before you can start conducting a study itself and writing research paper, the main thing you have to take care of is choosing a relevant, fresh, and engaging topic. Luckily, today finding a topic for a study is not that difficult thanks to a wide range of available sources. You can find great ideas even simply using the I nternet. However, you need to approach this matter with attention in order to find an interesting research paper topic that would help you reveal your scientific potential and get a good grade! How to make a right choice? Just follow the tips described below to make this process easy and carefree:Search for inspirationNot only your theme has to be fresh and relevant to the subject you study, it also should be interesting to you. We recommend to start with searching for some inspiration. At this step, you should read as much as you can – look through your textbooks and other literature related to your subjects until you come across a problem that would sound interesting and important to you.Narrow down your focusOnce you have found an issue that interested you, it is just the right time to make it a bit narrower, choosing which aspect of the chosen theme is the most significant and engaging in your opinion. Why is it important? In fact, having a theme that is too diversified a nd deep is not the best idea as you risk not being able to disclose it fully, which is why you should better pick a narrower one to ensure successful performance.Make notesNote down all interesting theories, experiments, statistics or ideas and store them separately. Why do you need this? Your theme can change and adjust significantly in the course of your study and therefore, it is good to have all your notes stored in one place as any of them can come in handy when you will be restating your theme.Study the chosen fieldYou have to learn everything related to the chosen problem, its fields, related issues, and other nuances in order to see the whole picture and be able to define a topic that works the best for you. Look for various sources online and in the library. Also, do not hesitate to check out the works on similar issues written by other people!Best Ideas For Research Paper TopicsDo not get upset if you still do not have a clue where to look for a good theme or what you want to study because we have prepared a list of the best research topics to help you find some inspiration! Also, check our new compilation of best topics for research paper at 2019 weve revised and added a lot, so you definitely find something there!EducationWhy do teachers have to pass competency tests?Does school or parents have to take responsibility for violence and bullying?The reasons behind the lack of funding for schools provided by the governmentThe main pros and cons of home schoolingCan exams evaluate pupils’ knowledge rather than measure their ability to take them? Do we really need a new form of knowledge assessment?The so-called â€Å"gap year†: what are the advantages or disadvantages of taking a one-year break before enrolling into a college or university after a school graduation?The reasons behind the growing discrimination in educationThe need to equip special classrooms for pupils with special needs and the reason why not all schools are ready for th is yetRelationshipsThe key aspects to consider when building family relationshipsThe importance of pleasant atmosphere at hope for children’s developmentWhat is the current divorce statistics? How to reduce the number of divorces?What are the â€Å"right† family values?The ways to control the rate of divorce on the governmental levelThe pros and cons of mass legalizing same-sex marriagesThe role models in early childhood and how they affect the child’s developmentMedicine and HealthThe most vital effects of prolong use of steroidsThe difference between low fat and low carbohydrate diets, their effectiveness, and impact on the human bodyMedical use of marijuana: what are the risks and advantages?Vaccination at young age: what are the main pros and cons?What are the hazards of alternative medicine?The harm caused by eating disorders to womenBirth controlThe authenticity and history of ADHD and ADDDo the advantages of vaccination outweigh its risks?Can vegetarianis m be considered as a healthy style of living?The most interesting cases of schizophreniaUniversityDo ACT or SAT tests objectively evaluate the student’s knowledge and skills?4 year and 2 year programs: which is more effective?The undeniable benefits of distance learning versus the effectiveness of this form of studyingThe role of GPA in the admission procedureHow to increase college student’s awareness of alcohol’s harm?How to plan college tuition?Diploma millsCyber and face-to-face bullying in the universities and ways to avoid itThe ways to create Internationally-friendly community in collegeEnvironmentThe ways to decrease the level of water and air pollution in large citiesThe benefits of hybrid vehicles and use of alternative fuels for our environmentAre the current standards of clean water and air outdated?Is global warming a real thing? Can we say that it is being exaggerated?The ways to keep the balance between the rights of developers and the protection of the wildlifeEndangered species of plants and animals: how can we save them?How bad are the risks of the climate change?Possible ways to stop the disposal of radioactive wasteThe existing recycling programs, their pros and cons, and how can we encourage people to start recycling?The hazards of acid rainHow to stop deforestation?The dangerous effect of pesticidesPoliticsThe ways in which Christian Right’s have impact on foreign policyThe controversial topics raised in the modern politics and ways to solve themCultural pluralism versus the religious motivation for political involvementHow much money is wasted on presidential campaigns? What are the ways to use them more effectively?What is the key to success on debates?Discuss the brightest political debates that took place in the historyThe importance of freedom from imposition within the rights of religious citizensBusinessThe importance of the corporate lawThe role of leadership in businessHow to ensure positive relationsh ips of employees?The benefits of social media as a new tool for business promotionThe issue of discrimination in the workplace and ways of avoiding itWhat issues in HR exist today?How are modern work environments different?Is regulation of the workforce important?The cases of corporate abuse and effective methods of fighting with itThe pros and cons of gathering employees from different generations in one workplacePsychologyThe most significant works of Freud and their value for the modern psychologyThe similarities and distinctive features in works of Adler, Jung, and FreudHow did the concepts of mental illness changes over the decades?What behavior can be considered â€Å"normal† according to psychology?Different types of mental disorders, ways of treatment, and approachIs person’s sexual orientation being dictated by the society and culture, and is there an orientation that can’t be influenced by the pressure of society?Explain how culture influences a person ’s self-image and may lead to eating disordersHistoryThe first flight to the moon: cultural and historical significance of this eventCompare the consequences of the American and English industrial revolutions and the caused urbanizationThe women’s suffrage movement in America and the impact it had on the countryThe key factors in the China-Tibet conflictWhat was the role of Julius Caesar in the development of Rome?What impact did Joan of Arc have on the history?The Cold War: how did it influence the whole world?The fall of the Roman Empire: the reasons and consequencesThe Catholic Church as a powerful political force that appeared after the fall of the Roman EmpireHow did Genghis Khan conquer Persia?Family ViolenceAre there ways to fight child abuse?Explore the cases of murders caused by child abuseDomestic abuse: statistics and ways to prevent itThe cases when women killed their husbands due to the constant abuse: should the punishment for such murder be less strict o r not? Why?The problem of marital rapeThe ways to increase the protection of children without violating the parental rightsHow to increase the protection of victims of domestic abuse on the governmental level?Online securityHow did the Internet reduce citizens’ safety?What are the effective ways to prevent hacking crimes?Spam email and ways to fight with itEfficient ways of increasing cyber securityThe ways of protecting children from seeing inappropriate content on the InternetHow to maintain your privacy on the Internet?The spread of computer viruses, their potential hazards, and ways to eliminate the risksThe ways to protect your identity from being stolenIs the Web useful or dangerous for children and teens?

Influences of Personal Computers Today essays

Influences of Personal Computers Today essays Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, people wanted and needed an easier way of calculating and measuring. Through the dreams of Charles Babbage, the computer was born. These new machines could do any regular math more than twice as fast as any human. Sadly, these ideas were not appreciated until almost one hundred years later. In the 1950's, the idea of computers was broght up again. This is when people finally started crediting Babbage's work. The technology available now made it possible for people to construct a digital computer. The idea of building a computer became a necessity when World War II came about. Many important names such as ENIAC and IBM cam about, and computers became a very wide interest in the world. What influenced personal computers of today? The thought of a machine being more intelligent than a mathmetician was laughed at, and thought of as an impossibility. That all changed when Charles Babbage was brought into the world. Charles Babbage was a mathmetician, engineer, and a future computer designer. He was actually known as the "Grandfather" (Slater 3) of the modern day computer. He was and still is, thought of as ahead of his time. Charles Babbage entered Trinity College, Cambridge in 1810. There he studied mathematics and chemistry. Between 1815 and 1820, he was involved mostly in mathematics, studying algebra. In 1822, he finally built his first mechanical computer, the Difference Engine. This was the first ever mechanical computer. It could add, subtract, divide, and multiply. He then started working on a more advanced machine in 1834, the Analytical Engine. This would be much more advanced than the Difference Engine. It would be steam powered and fully automatic. This would have been his greatest achievement. Unfortunately, the technology available to him was not advanced enough for Babbage to build, what would have been, the first digital computer. Another reason he never bui...

Write course preparation Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Write course preparation - Coursework Example The digital labor as part of the much wider development comprises of union busting, globalization, casualization, deregulation, and the proletarianization of professions. In a sharing economy the labor of people is shared in a way that seems feudal. These new work arrangements shift the power in the labor market away from the workers. According to Roose, the sharing economy yields utopian outcomes with the empowerment of the ordinary people and increasing efficiency. The on-demand economy reduces full-time employment in addition to reducing the working in a bid to control the carbon emissions. I would not work in firms like Uber because I want to work as a full-time employee. This makes these jobs less appealing than the standard jobs. Due to the rapid growth of human population, especially in the cities, this creates more opportunities for sharing resources and services (Gold 28). However, most of the firms in the sharing economy are having an uneasy time with the regulators. Platforms such as Uber are experiencing explosive growth, which, in turn, has resulted in political and regulatory battles. Therefore, I would advise the sharing economy firms to be cooperative with regulators and also be responsive to the regulators’ legitimate concerns. It is also difficult to evaluate the effect of these new earning opportunities because they are introduced during a period of rapid labor market restructuring and high unemployment rates. Consider taxis, drivers in conventional cab operations are protesting due to Uber’s unfair competition which impacts negatively on their operations. The cab drivers are charged extra such as lease space and insurance while Uber deals with uninsured passengers compromising the safety of the passengers. All workers have equal opportunities to participate in these markets. Therefore, Uber drivers need to be subjected to same licensing, inspection, and regulations that cab drivers are subjected. It operates like

Ethics in a free market economic system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ethics in a free market economic system - Essay Example This is partly the concept of a free market is inextricably tied to capitalism which is an equally if not more abrasive topic. Essentially, â€Å"natural† market forces, and individual innovation as well as the underlying notion that hard work and ingenuity are rewarded by success drive a free market economy. The reason for the existence of businesses is to make a profit, ergo, successful business in the free market is bound to make the most profits irrespective of what they are dealing with or its effect on the community or even other business. The free market promoted competition which in turn provides the best possible products to customers at the most affordable price. Ideally, when a new product is launched, it starts off at a high price and then as competitors copy it the cost eventually reduces.While this paper does not offer an answer to the age-old question of the ethics of the free market economy; it will examine the various arguments that have been put forward suppo rting or disproving the assertion that the free market is an ethical and moral paradigm. A market can only be as ethical as the participants that ran it, ultimately it cannot exist in a vacuum and it is in most cases a reflection of a specific cultural environment. Far too little attention has been afforded to the connection between the free market and the totality of culture, in the most discourse on the subject, the fact that the market economy is depended on a framework of ethical presupposition is rarely ever addressed.

Old Testament Literary Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Old Testament Literary Analysis - Research Paper Example As the symbol of the Israelite’s enemies, Goliath is represented as being the taunt of the Israelites; Goliath also is against the God of the Israelites and he actually cursed David by his gods. Goliath believed that physical strength is all what matters and he was sure of killing David and giving his flesh to the birds of the air and the beasts of the world. On the other hand, David is presented in this narrative as a symbol of faith, trust, and loyalty to the living God of the Israelites. And through this faithfulness, David managed to defeat Goliath, the enemy of the Israelites. The main insight that I gain from this narrative is that, David’s God, Yahweh, is indeed the true God and that Yahweh protects and saves His people. This is because, through his faith in Yahweh, David managed to kill Goliath, who was far stronger to David physically in every respect. The defeat of Goliath, the symbol of the Philistines, is a proof that yeah is the true God. The second major literary feature used in this narrative is metaphor. In this narrative, Goliath asks David while taunting him, â€Å"Am I a dog, that you come to me with sticks†1. In this question, dog is used as a metaphor of a weak and helpless person who can easily be beaten to submission by his enemy. This metaphor helps to bring out clearly how David’s weapons were so inferior to the weapons of Goliath. Through this metaphor I learn that it is possible to overcome any manner of challenge in life, as long as we rely on Yahweh, the God of David. David overcame the great challenge ahead of him through very simple weapons because he had faith in Yahweh. One of the main interpretative problem in this narrative is in reconciling 1Samuel 17: 55-58, with 1 Samuel 16:21-22. In 1Samuel 17: 55-58, King Saul did not know the identity of David, and he actually asked Abner, the commander of the Israelites army, whom the father of David was. The main

Adolescent Depression: Causes, Effects and Treatments

Adolescent Depression: Causes, Effects and Treatments Teenage Depression Urooba Fatima Depression is defined as a medical condition in which a person feels very sad, hopeless, unimportant and is often unable to live in a normal way (Merriam-Websters online Dictionary, n.d.). In 2004 alone, it was reported that 11.2 percent of teens suffered from depression (Depression in Children and Adolescents, n.d. para.1). Symptoms that adolescents tend to show when suffering from depression are difficulty with relationships, loss of interest in hobbies, persistent sadness, feeling of hopelessness and the feeling of guilt and/or worthlessness. There are many possible results that stem from depression, such as suicide, substance abuse and alcohol abuse. For various reasons, people fail to realize that majority of the youth in the U.S suffer from depression. People in todays society need to recognize the severity of depression and provide better treatments for their youth. In the past, people did not believe that children and adolescents could go through depression, but today teens show so many signs of depression that it is impossible to ignore. By the time 11 percent of adolescents turn 18 years old they have at least one depressive episode (Merikangas, n.d). One of the leading causes of disability in Americans is major depressive episode, according to the World Health Organization (Merikangas, n.d). The reason depression in adolescents has been ignored so long is that it can be very difficult to tell whether an adolescent is showing symptoms of depression or just going through a phase (Depression in Children and Adolescents, n.d). Before reaching adulthood about 20 to 30 percent of adolescent have one major depressive episode. 25 percent of adults who suffer from depression, started to show signs of depression in their adolescence (Schwarz, 2009). By 2020 depression will compete with heart disease as the â€Å"health disorder with the highest disea se burden in the world.†(Reuters, 2011) Depression in adolescents can be caused by many things but three of the main factors are genetic causes, biological causes, and environmental causes. Genetic factors are traits that you may inherit from your parents (Definition of Genetics, n.d.). Some examples of genetic causes are adolescents with a relative who is or has been depressed is more likely to get depressed. The most common types of depression that runs in the family are bipolar depression and severe major depression (Kim, n.d). However just because depression runs in one’s family does not mean that he/she` will suffer from depression. Depression can also arise in adolescents who do not have a family history of depression There has been a great deal of research that has been done to determine a biological cause, and after many years, researchers have concluded that depression may be caused by abnormal delivery of key neurotransmitters (chemical messengers to the brain)(National Institute of Mental Health, n.d). There are many neurotransmitters that can cause depression but one of the most essential neurotransmitters is serotonin. Serotonin is a chemical that helps deliver signals from one area of the brain to the other. Serotonin is also important for the well-being feelings, imbalances in the brain’s serotonin levels can cause depression (National Institute of Mental Health, n.d). Environmental causes are the influences that one may have from social and cultural that shape a person’s life.There are many environmental causes that may contribute to depression, such as the loss of a loved one, a traumatic event in one’s life, and big changes in one’s life (Healthline Editorial Team, 2012). Events such as these can cause a person to start feeling hopeless. However some research states that getting depressed because of traumatic or stressful event is because that person already has depression. According to Dr. Nassir Ghaemi most people never suffer from depression after a major life event (Ghaemi, 2012). Another environmental cause that can cause depression is bullying. Bullying is the ongoing physical or emotional victimization of one person from another person or a group of people (Bullying and Depression, n.d). Bullying can cause the victim to suffer from low self-esteem, and can also cause suicidal thoughts. People assume that only the child being bullied will suffer from depression in their life, but what they do not realize is that the bully is also at high risk of suffering from depression and suicidal thoughts (Klomek, Sourander, Gould, 2011). In the 1950’s and 1960’s doctors had started making a link between food and depression. Today we know that certain foods have a relation with depression (Laverie, 2010). Food additives are one of the many preservatives that contain synthetic chemicals, and research has proven that synthetic chemicals can cause many symptoms of depression to occur. Food additives are used to add flavor to foods, and to help make foods look more appealing. But the number one reason for using food additives is to help preserve food so that it can last longer (Bousch, n.d.). Research has proven that many food additives have a harmful effect for our health physically but also mentally. Just like food additives, industrial by-products have the same effect on ones mental health. Industrial by-products are products that are produced using machines in factories (Merriam-Webster’s online Dictionary, n.d.). Some examples of food additives that have been proven to have a negative effect on m ental health are foods that are identified as â€Å"sugar-free† or â€Å"diet† (Bousch, n.d) These foods all contain Aspartame, better known as artificial sweeteners. Aspartame can cause many diseases including depression. Another food additive to avoid is monosodium glutamate (MSG), an amino acid used in many frozen foods and chips. MSG can damage cells even to the point of death by over exciting them, and MSG can also affect neurological pathways. If many of these causes are not avoided, adolescents may suffer from depression which may have many consequences. Depression, if left untreated, has many effects. One of effect of depression is substance abuse. Substance abuse and mental disorders usually co-occur in adolescence. Adolescence suffering from depression are usually in search of a way of making themselves feel better, which usually leads them to drugs and alcohol. Teens who try to self medicate marijuana and other drugs end up making their depression worse (Adolescence Depression and Substance Abuse, n.d). Drug abuse and alcohol abuse can also cause suicide because it can impair one’s judgment and increasing their impulsivity, which can cause them to make decisions without thinking of the consequences (Suicide and Depression, n.d). Another effect depression can have on adolescents is a negative impact on school performance. Depression can cause lack of concentration which causes a disinterest in school. Also students tend to be more forgetful when suffering from depression, which causes them to forget about assignments, tests, and quizzes which can cause grades to go down. Another issue adolescents face in school is with insubordination. Depressed adolescents get into more fights and arguments with peers and teachers. School performance can also affect depression, for example doing poorly in school may have an effect on one’s self esteem. School also can be a trigger for stress, which is another cause of depression. Also, adolescents have trouble interacting with their peers which may discourage them from wanting to go to school (Depression, n.d). One of the biggest consequences of leaving depression untreated is suicide. Suicide is the third leading cause of death in adolescents in the U.S. (Suicide Prevention, n.d). The number one cause for suicide is untreated depression (Caruso, n.d). There are many reasons why adolescents commit suicide but most of the time it’s because they think it’s the only solution to their problems and they are unable to see that they can turn their life around (Teenage Suicide, 1999). According to Center for Disease Control over 90 percent of the time someone commits suicide it is because they have a mental disorder that can be treated and if it were treated there would be a less number of suicides in the U.S (Suicide Prevention, n.d). Suicide shares many symptoms with depression but to a much more greater extent, for example extreme hopelessness, insomnia, heightened panic attacks, and irritability (Some Facts about Suicide and Depression, n.d). Depression, unlike many other diseases, is treatable. There are many different approaches to treating depression such as antidepressants, psychotherapy, and electroconvulsive shock therapy. Antidepressants are used to balance chemicals in your brain called neurotransmitters (Greenlaw, n.d). Antidepressants help improve your mood, your appetite, and your sleep (Greenlaw, n.d). Like all medications, antidepressants have negative side effects, for example sometimes antidepressants can make some people feel suicidal, also antidepressants can cause nausea, weight gain, headaches, sweating, and diarrhea(Smith, Robinson, Segal, Ramsey, 2014). Psychotherapy is a series of ways of treating mental health, emotional and some psychiatric disorders (Psychotherapies, n.d). Another word for psychotherapy is talk therapy, psychotherapy involves having people understand their mental disorder (Psychotherapies, n.d). Psychotherapy also teaches one how to deal with stress and unhealthy thoughts. There are many different types of psychotherapy, because everyone responds differently to treatments. Some people may have to meet with the therapist alone whereas some people prefer to be with a group of people (Psychotherapies, n.d). There aren’t many negative side effects of psychotherapy, but one negative in choosing this method treatment is not always being able to find fully qualified therapists who can treat depression this way (Jollant, n.d). Electroconvulsive therapy is when you pass electric currents through the brain to cause brain seizures (Mayo Clinic Staff). Electroconvulsive therapy can reverse certain symptoms of mental illnesses faster than other treatments (Mayo Clinic Staff, n.d). Electroconvulsive therapy is known to be the most effective treatment for severe depression (Szalavitz, 2012). One of the biggest negative effects of electroconvulsive therapy is memory loss (Side Effects and Risks, n.d). People may also suffer from cardiovascular complications, dental and oral trauma, and skin burns (Park, n.d). Islam is a holistic religion, meaning that it has an impact on every aspect of one’s life. Everyone must face some trials and tribulations in life, it doesn’t matter how religious one person may be they can still be tested, as stated in this ayah in the Quran: â€Å"Do people think that they will be left alone because they say: â€Å"We believe,† and will not be tested?† (Qur’an 29:2). Islam teaches its believers never to despair and always have hope in Allah (swt). no matter how hard the situation maybe at the moment that Allah (swt) will also provide that person with relief afterwards (Quran 94:5). Islam believes that shaytaan can make one feel like they’re being punished so one may tend to lose hope and forget that it may only be a test from Allah (swt) not a punishment. According to some, trials and tribulation can also strengthen one’s relationship with Allah (swt) (Bataski, 2011). When someone feels depressed or down at times Allah (swt) states in the quran to always turn to him because he is the only true source of light and guidance. People may go through difficult times in their lives but they should always know that Allah (swt) will always be there for them to turn to. Society needs to recognize the importance of depression and should be able to equip it’s youth with treatments. If many people understood the causes of depression then maybe people would not ignore their symptoms and would go and get treatment for themselves or their children. If depression stays ignored then and nothing is done to help todays youth then there will be a rise in the number of deaths by suicide.

Gough Whitlam :: essays research papers

We are a government committed to bringing change into about social and economical aspects of our country." (Hayden, Speech, 1973) The Whitlam government's term was filled with controversy, scandals and public protest however, despite criticism of the government it is undoubted that within its term, 5 December 1972- 11 November 1975, the government was significantly influenced by socialist ideals through directing its policies relating to the social, economic and government aspects of society. The government adapted 'crash through or crash' style of policy change, reminiscent of a peaceful socialist revolution, however modified to suite the Australian climate. Whitlam's approach included more democratic elements and involved the people influencing the policies of his government, his eventual goal to solve the great problems capitalism had brought upon Australia. (McGavin, 1987, 55) His solution was quite simply to lessen the capitalist enemy of socialism, the class divide. The government promised the citizens of Australia better quality of life hand in hand with equality and said that these goals would be implem ented in the improvement of education, health and welfare, stricter economic regulation as well as broad public ownership of several other basic industries and finally an extension of the national government's power promoting constitutional and electoral changes. Socialism is defined as a political doctrine concerned with the morals of society and relates to all economic and social aspects of society. Socialism is further characterised by the state ownership and nationalisation of all means of production, facilities and banking for the reason that under socialist control private barriers can no longer prevent the people from working together for the common good. (Bobbio, 1987, 44) This utopia is thought to be achieved through a peaceful political revolution, of course, in the best interests of the nation. (Evans, 1977, 23) Furthermore, socialism is defined by the belief that capitalism has unforgivably failed the working classes and that there is in fact simply no need for inequalities that exist within society. Socialist theory dictates that inequalities within society should be altered to the extent that the upper class minority can no longer hold exclusivity to privilege whilst the majority of the working classes suffer. Whitlam's breed of socialism embraced the practical and moral components of the ideology. Further, he was a great advocate for rapid change and this was extremely reminiscent of ideological socialist revolution. "We have a new chance for our nation. We can recreate this nation.

Amul Case Study

| Amul-GCMMF | â€Å"The Taste of India† to â€Å"Taste of World† | | Project Case International Business SECTION D – GROUP Ashutosh Singh Khushwaha (GL) | 269 Sachin Maan | 175 Frana James | 219 Paran Gupta| 240 Parth Shah | 249 Pratik Upadhyay| Amul: â€Å"The Taste of India† to â€Å"The Taste of World† With a presence in over 40 countries in 2012, Amul has done more than testing its products in the overseas markets. Since its venture into the International markets in late 80s, it has steadily grown in sales and today it has more than Rs. 00 crores revenues from exports. Though the world dairy product prices are increasing constantly and the Government of India has banned the export of Milk Powder since February 2011, Mr. R. S. Sodhi, the Managing Director of GCMMF expects exports to increase by 20% on the back of surging demand. Mr. Sodhi, along with the top management of the cooperative now faces several questions which will define Amul’ s International strategy for the coming years.With the increasing demand and successful venture in overseas markets, should Amul restrict to export and distribution or partner with/acquire other firms in these countries or should it go further towards becoming a global brand by setting up manufacturing and processing plants across the globe? If so, what products should it manufacture and what should be the degree of localization in order to succeed? Should it stick to dairy products or should it look towards the non-dairy food products as well? How will it source milk and other raw materials in these countries with diverse forms of established dairy networks?These are important decisions that need to be made because they will help Amul realize the goal of becoming world’s leading food brand. Major food brands such as Britannia and Nestle are already eating into Amul’s domestic share. The top management has to decide a strategy that will help Amul compete against world class dairy and food brands in Indian market and in the overseas markets. Profile Amul is the world's 18th largest dairy firm with a 0. 5% share in global milk production, according to the International Farm Comparison Network 2011 list.The brand Amul is managed by Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation, GCMMF which has several cooperative dairies operating across the country. During the financial year 2010-11, GCMMF registered a top line growth of 22. 1%, achieving turnover of Rs 9774 crore. Amul is the largest food brand in India and world's largest pouched milk brand with an annual turnover of  US$2. 2  billion  (2010-11). Currently Unions making up GCMMF have 3. 1 million producer members with milk collection average of 9. 10 million liters per day.AMUL is also the largest exporter of dairy products in the country. AMUL is available today in over 40 countries of the world. AMUL is exporting a wide variety of products which include Whole and Skimmed Milk Powder, Cott age Cheese (Paneer), UHT Milk, Clarified Butter (Ghee), Indigenous Sweets, Amul butter, Amul butter milk, Amul pizza cheese, Amul shrikhand, Amulya dairy whitener, Amul fresh cream, Amul fat milk, Amul cheese spread, Sagar Tea and Coffee whitener, Amul ice creams like cassata , cool candy and frostik, Amul milk chocolate and Amul Eclairs.It has also started preparing and selling pizza slices which feature generous portions of Amul cheese. These pizza slices reach the customers through super markets and large departmental stores that have snack counters. It has tied up with Walmart to sell its dairy products, in its shelves, under the brand name of Amul itself. It also has tie-ups with Glaxo, for the production of baby foods. The major overseas markets for Amul are USA, West Indies, and countries in Africa, the Gulf Region, and  SAARC  neighbors, Singapore, Hong Kong, The Philippines, Thailand, Japan and China.Its growth is more than 20% in these markets. Market presence has also gone up by 25 to 30 per cent in some markets such as Singapore, Hong Kong, UAE, the US and Bangladesh. Global Dairy Industry at a Glance: The growth story of the dairy industry in India is centered on the inception of Operation Flood of the 1970s, recognizing the power of cooperative farming giving rise to the GCMMF and the engine behind the whole revolution was the brand Amul (Anand Milk Union Limited). This model helped the dairy farmers to direct their own development by placing control of their resources in their own hands.This cooperative model resulted in making India one of the largest producers of milk and milk products. In terms of the growth of the dairy market projected over the years 2011-2016, India ranks fourth, behind the other BRIC nations, i. e. Brazil, China and Russia. [Exhibit 1] The scenario of the important dairy industries in other countries was not on the similar lines. To think of the expansion plan in terms of geographic location as well as the strategy th at Amul would employ would be dependent on the past and the current nature of the industry in those countries.Dairy Industry in European Union: The European Union, inclusive of 27 countries, is the largest milk producer in the world with Germany and France being the largest within the EU. However, within the EU, dairy production is not uniform due to various government regulations and production quotas in some countries. In Germany, the drinking milk product category is still driven by health and wellness. The drinking milk product category which saw a decline in 2010 by 1% observed a growth in the value sales by the same amount in 2011.In the Eastern European dairy market, Lactalis, becoming the fourth largest player in the region in 2008 with a 3. 3 % value share targeting countries like Croatia, Ukaraine and Czech Republic. Lactalis followed the expansion through acquisition strategy and it is through these intense acquisition activities that Lactalis planned its move into the We stern European countries where it had to make much heavier investments. The Western European dairy market is quite mature as the expected CAGR for these countries is only about 0. % over the span of five years from 2011-16. This market is different from the other markets since they are not driven by milk consumption but the key driving opportunities lie in milk products like cheese, yoghurt and sour milk drinks and thus making these markets more value growth rather than volume growth. Muller Dairy, already competing in the yoghurt and chilled/shelf-stable desserts market in UK is seeking to expand into other fast-growing dairy categories using its existing distribution network and leveraging on the brand amongst the British consumers. Exhibit 2] To gain market share in this mature market, some companies like Kraft Foods used unique marketing strategy of positioning its Philadelphia Cream Cheese both as a spreadable cheese and as a cooking ingredient. This move reignited the growth i n the otherwise mature spreadable processed cheese category. Dairy Industry in Japan: In the year 2004, with 28800 domestic dairy farms, 8. 3 million tons of cow’s milk used to be produced. 60% of this was processed into milk for drinking purposes and the rest was used for consumption as dairy products.The Japanese believed that processing plants must be located close to the source of production since milk, being a perishable good, must be processed and sold when fresh. In 2004, there were 692 processing facilities throughout Japan. Expecting a growth in the consumption of milk products, maintaining a stable supply of safe, fresh milk was viewed as a challenge since it was important to Japanese consumers. To answer this demand for fresher products, a solution was to develop stronger cooperation between dairy producers and processors.However, by 2005, Japan’s aging population had essentially stabilized and the nation was being termed as a â€Å"mature economy†. A s a result of this, the total milk production remained unchanged approximately at 8. 4 million tons. Amul failed to enter the market once in 1994 but succeeded in 2005 when it grabbed a major exports order. GCMMF managing director B M Vyas then said , â€Å"We have had a distributor in Japan since 1994 but no major presence in that country.But a few days ago a delegation from Japan, under the aegis of Agriculture and Livestock Industry Corp (ALIC), visited our facilities at Anand (Gujarat) and were pleasantly surprised with the sheer scale of our dairy operations†. It exports Ghee and Paneer to the country currently with a single major importer. Dairy Industry in Australia: Australia's third largest rural industry is the dairy industry which is also a major regional employer, not only on-farm but also through processing, manufacturing and distribution of a range of high quality products.With about 7950 dairy farms located across Australia, the industry produced 9. 2 billion l iters of milk during 2007-08. The Australian dairy manufacturing sector is  diverse and includes farmer-owned co-operatives, public, private and multinational companies. The Farmer owned co-operatives is no longer the dominant players in the industry as they now account for less than 35% of the entire market share. In 2011, the Australian Dairy market faced another challenge of being considered to be one of the most competitive in terms of retailing the milk products in supermarkets.In January 2011, Coles and Woolworths, two supermarket companies, entered into a price war during which the prices of house brand staples like milk, bread and meat were pushed down. This trend continued for the entire year and as a result the Dairy lobby groups demanded for a mandatory Australian Drinking Milk Code of Conduct to look into such matters. Despite the aggressive marketing efforts, fresh/pasteurized milk registered a growth of only 3%.However, niche products in fresh milk category have eith er retained or have shown significant growth. Around 60% of manufactured milk-products are exported and the remaining 40% is sold on the Australian market. In drinking milk, some 97% is consumed in the domestic market. Cheese products, utilizing around one third of Australia’s milk production in 2010-11, have retained that spot for a few years now. Dairy Industry in Sri Lanka: As a country, Sri Lanka is self-sufficient in terms of all types of animal products except milk products.Their self-sufficiency in dairy products is about 15–20% though that level has been achieved mostly with imported milk powder. Sri Lankan government adopted the open economic policies in the 1970s and since then the consumption of the daily products has increased. Apart from the Northern conflict regions of the country, milk is produced in all the districts. The marketing of milk in Sri Lanka is done through various channels and so becomes very complex. There are individual farmers who sell di rectly to processors, consumers, hotels, cafeterias and canteens * Cooperatives are organized primarily for the purpose of collecting and selling milk to either hotels or processors * The formal, or processed dairy, market consists of small dairy cooperatives, larger local cooperatives, district dairy cooperatives, dairy cooperative unions and networks of collection points and milk chilling centers operated by cooperatives or the main dairy processors Apart from the above mentioned ways, some farmers do not see the need to become members of the farmer societies or cooperatives.There are a few large-scale processors who have organized such farmers to sell their milk directly to them. Amul set up a milk processing plant in Sri Lanka in 2005 producing several products such as sterilized milk, milk powder, yoghurt,etc. It was a 51-49 Joint venture between the GCMMF and the Sri-Lankan government. It handed over the operations completely to the Sri-Lankan government after an year of succe ssful running. Before planning the project, Mr. Verghese Kurien, often called â€Å"the Milkman of India† said, †We are located right in the middle of this milk-deficient region.So, we are planning to take advantage of this. Even China is a potential market in the future†. International Ventures: GCMMF is India's largest exporter of Dairy Products. It has been accorded a â€Å"Trading House† status. GCMMF has received the APEDA Award from Government of India for Excellence in Dairy Product Exports for the last 13 years. The decision of going International: Reasons that lead to the foray of Amul into International Markets * Reduced subsidies on milk products as per WTO guidelines made Indian milk products competitive in international markets.   Significant demand for its products amongst Indian families in foreign markets * Local facility would enable better control over logistics   and cut 45 days of shipping time * Tie up with retail chains like Wal-Ma rt, use established distribution channel * Non-availability of single products like ghee in other markets presented a good opportunity * Long term vision to become a global food brand The problems and issues faced are: * Non-tariff barriers in European countries * Competition with global players Absence of proper distribution channel Export: Main exports products are Amul UHT Milk (Long Life) ,Amul Gold Extra Cream Milk,Amul Taaza Full Cream Milk,Amul Slim and Trim Milk,Amul Pure Ghee,Amul Mithaee Gulabjamun,Nutramul Brown Beverage,Amul Fresh Cream,Amul Kool Beverages,Flavoured Milk,Butter Milk,Lassee,Amulspray,Amul Butter,Amul Shrikhand,Amul Cheese,Amul Malai Paneer,Amul Ice Cream,etc. Despite unfavorable conditions in international dairy market, their export business reached Rs. 133 crores against Rs. 125 crore in 2011.They have further consolidated their growth in consumer products including Paneer, Butter, Cheese, UHT Milk etc. This is extremely encouraging and indicates the hig h trust that the customers place in Amul Brand. They have not been able to export Milk Powder in bulk packing in larger quantity due to fall of world market prices by nearly 50% as compared to previous year. Distribution: Amul’s strategy when it first entered international markets was to use the existing distributors and partner with local companies to market its products.Amul has been in the US since 1998 through Kanan Dairy, which markets Amul processed cheese, pure  ghee, Shrikhand, Nutramul, Amul's  Mithaee Gulab Jamuns  to more than 1,000 ethnic Indian grocery stores in the US through a network of seven distributors. Then Amul identified major supermarket and chain stores as the vehicles overseas to promote Amul dairy products ranging from milk powder, butter, ghee, cheese, butter, ice creams and tinned Indian sweets. As growth through bulk exports was variable, GCMMF opted for sustained growth through retail sales that ensure brand recall and customer loyalty.It s till did not decide on setting up manufacturing and processing plants as it was quiet successful with its marketing and distribution plan for overseas markets. Then Amul identified major supermarket and chain stores as the vehicles overseas to promote Amul Amul sells products through Wal-Mart’s extensive distribution system, having a separate counter for stocking and selling their products. It also has an arrangement with Mustafa supermarket chain in Singapore, Lanka Milk Foods (CWE) Ltd and John Keels chain in Sri Lanka, as also Choithram, Carrefour and Lulu chains in the UAE. Marketing:In India Amul caters to Intelligent marketing. It spends only 1% of Sales turnover on advertising and it is famous to come up with innovative adds. Will it be able to sustain the same strategy in international markets is a very important decision from the marketing point of view for GCMMF. Amul will have to customize its products and look outside the ethnic box to suit the American and other ethnic palates. It simply cannot use its home-ground strategies in the US and expect to make a mark, even if Wal-Mart plans to push the brand only in stores and only in states like New York and New Jersey, where the Indian community is very strong.Competition: While Amul has substantial grip over the Indian market due to its robust supply chain and cooperative business model; the international arena challenges it like never before. In the overseas markets it faces stiffer competition in matching the stringent quality standards of several local and international brands that have well established markets in different countries; in addition to fundamentally understanding these new markets, cultures and their needs. As a brand, Amul faces stiff competition from two major players: Britannia and Nestle.Both these brands have international presence and each seeks to expand its business horizons. Apart from these international brands, it also has to compete with local dairies in different c ountries that sell products at very competitive prices. Nestle: Nestle is  one of the world's leading nutrition, health and wellness company. The  company  was founded in  1866 by Henri Nestle in Vevey, Switzerland, where the headquarters are still located today. It employs around 2,80,000 people and have factories or operations in almost every country in the world. Nestle sales for 2009 were CHF 108 bn.Nestle's relationship with India dates back to 1912, when it began trading as The Nestle Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company (Export) Limited, importing and selling finished products in the Indian market. The Company continuously focuses its efforts to better understand the changing lifestyles of various countries and anticipate consumer needs. The culture of innovation and renovation within the Company and access to the Nestle Group's proprietary technology gives it a distinct advantage in these efforts. It helps the Company to create value that can be sustained over long ter m by offering consumers a wide variety of high quality products.A description of the competitive advantages growth drivers and operational pillars is given in Exhibit 1. Nestle is in a strategic international position because of its presence in many countries and long tradition of innovation. An analysis of sales trading and operating profit by both geography and product line is given in Exhibit 4 and Exhibit 5. Britannia: It is not globally as big as Nestle but it is expanding at a threatening pace and this can be a major concern for Amul. This fact is validated by the following statistics. The company is growing at a steady rate.The company's sales grew at a compound annual rate of 16% against the market, and operating profits reached 18%, between 1998 and 2001. More recently, the company has been growing at 27% a year, compared to the industry's growth rate of 20%. Dairy products contribute close to 10 per cent of Britannia's revenue. Britannia trades and markets dairy products, and its dairy portfolio grew to 47% in 2000-01 and by 30% in 2001-02. Britannia holds an equity stake in  Dynamix Dairy  and outsources the bulk of its dairy products from its associate.On 27 October 2001, Britannia announced a joint venture with  Fonterra Co-operative Group  of New Zealand. It is an integrated dairy company involved in many activities from procurement of milk to making value-added products such as cheese and buttermilk. Britannia planned to source most of the products from New Zealand, which they would market in India. The joint venture also allowed technology transfer to Britannia. In March 2007, Britannia Industries Limited formed a Joint Venture with the Khimji Ramdas Group, one of the largest and the most respected business conglomerates in the Middle East.Britannia and its Associates have acquired a significant stake in Dubai based Strategic Food International Co. LLC and Oman based Al Sallan Food Industries Co SAOG. The two companies are key regional players in the biscuits, wafers and cookies segment in the GCC markets and export their products across the world. Strategic Food International Co. LLC (SFIC) is one of the largest biscuit and wafer manufacturing companies in the Middle East. An ISO and HACCP certified company, SFIC is also a proud winner of the Dubai Quality Appreciation Certificate.It offers a wide spectrum of products under the brand  Nutro, which is a leading biscuit brand in the Middle East. Al Sallan Food Industries Co is one of the foremost companies for the production of cookies, rolls and chocolates. The products are well known under the brand name of  Baker's Pride. Though not directly in the dairy market, Britannia is constantly increasing its presence worldwide. Key statistics about the company performance are given in Exhibit 6. Future Plans: Amul is now all set to consider the decision to setup a manufacturing plant in the United States to specifically cater to the demand for its products in the US and Europe.And then expand to other countries with similar plants so as to decrease its costs. The company intends to start with manufacturing of ghee and paneer and then gradually start manufacturing other products. Amul will have to customize its products and look outside the ethnic box to suit the American and other ethnic palates. It simply cannot use its home-ground strategies in the US and expect to make a mark, even if Wal-Mart plans to push the brand only in stores and only in states like New York and New Jersey, where the Indian community is very strong.Amul has come a long way from 1946 – when it collected only 247 litres of milk a day – to the six million liters of milk per day it now collects from about 10,675 separate village co-operative societies throughout Gujarat. With access to low cost milk, an innovative and  almost ‘just-in-time' supply chain, a ready market among the Indian community and 50 years of understanding milk, Amul can definitely build the ‘taste of India' in the US and other countries. Chairman Mr. PG Bhatol says, â€Å"When we plan to improve productivity as well as production, we also need to keep in mind the markets where such huge quantity of milk will be consumed.We need to explore new opportunities and markets. India has graduated from milk deficit country to largest milk producer in world. However, our exports of milk and milk products still remain insignificant in comparison to the existing players. We have been following the policy of not exporting milk powders to foreign countries so that availability in our country does not get hampered. Opening of export markets would not only serve as outlet for excess of milk produced over the domestic requirements but also will keep the domestic prices stable. We strongly feel that branded milk powders in consumer packs should never be banned.Thus, now when we plan to produce such large quantity of milk, it is imperative to relook at our export polici es. † Amul has come a long way from 1946 – when it collected only 247 litres of milk a day – to the six million liters of milk per day it now collects from about 10,675 separate village co-operative societies throughout Gujarat. With access to low cost milk, an innovative and  almost ‘just-in-time' supply chain, a ready market among the Indian community and 50 years of understanding milk, Amul can definitely build the ‘taste of India' in the US and other countries and then the Taste of the World.Exhibit 1: Top 10 Fastest Growing Dairy Markets 2011-2016 *Passport – Tracking Growth Opportunities In The Global Dairy Market Exhibit 2: Top Five Western European Dairy Market By Absolute Market Value Growth 2011-2016 *Passport – Tracking Growth Opportunities In The Global Dairy Market Table 2: Milk production zones in Sri Lanka Zone features| Dry zone| Coconut triangle| Mid-country| Upcountry & estate| Wet zone & urban|Location  | Dry zone districts in the NC, Northern and Eastern Provinces and parts of Central, Southern and NW Provinces| Intermediate and wet   zone areas of the NW Province, and Gampaha district of the Western Province| Wet   zone areas in the Central Province –Kandy and Matale districts| Nuwaraeliya district in the Central Province and Badulla district in the Uva Province| Districts in the Western,  Ã‚   Southern and Sabaragamuwa Provinces and cities| Animal types| Indigenous cattle, Zebu cattle and crosses, buffalo| Crosses of exotic breeds, Zebu types, crosses of indigenous animals and buffalo| Pure exotic animals and crosses, and Zebu crosses| Pure exotic animals and crosses| Crosses of exotic breeds and Zebu type and indigenous animals and buffalo| Husbandry| Free gazing, or nomadic-type Large herds or sedentary small/medium-sized herds | Medium-sized herds, limited grazing tethered under coconut palms| Small herds, some tethering, stall feeding| Small herds, zero grazing| Limited gr azing, medium-sized herds or small herds, zero grazing| Herd size  | Few: 25 | 5 cows | 2–3 cows| 1–2 cows| 2–3 cows| Average yield| 2. 1 litres/cow/dayTotal 300–400 litres/cow over 180–200-day lactation| 3–4 litres/cow/dayTotal 500–800 litres/cow over 200-day lactation| 2–4 litres/cow/dayTotal 1 300 litre/cow| 6 or more litres/cow/dayTotal 1 700 litres/cow| 3 litres/cow/dayTotal 1 500–1 600 litres/cow| Source: Ranaweera and Attapattu 2006| Exhibit 3 Exhibit 4 Exhibit 5Exhibit 6 Performance of Britannia Exhibit 7 Amul overseas presence References: I. Primary data in the form of Interviews of employees involved with International projects II. Dairy Food Industry Overview in India to 2014-market research report,www. reportlinker. com III. GCMMF Annual Report, Financial Years 2007-2011 IV. Nestle Annual Report,2011 V. http://www. amul. com/m/organisation, 24-Feb-2012 VI. http://articles. timesofindia. indiatimes. com/2011 -03-30/india-business/29361638_1_cheese-amul-britannia-industries VII. Utterly-Butterly amul’s new raod map-CNBC-TV18. html, 26-Feb-2012 VIII. http://www. dairy. co. jp/eng/eng12. html

Get Your Goat

Get Your Goat Get Your Goat Get Your Goat By Maeve Maddox Until a reader asked me about it, I hadn’t encountered the eggcorn â€Å"to get one’s goad.† eggcorn: the reshaping of a common word or expression in a way that makes sense to the speaker. The expression is â€Å"to get one’s goat† (not goad). The earliest documentation in the OED is dated 1910. In modern usage, the usual meaning is â€Å"to annoy,† â€Å"to make angry,† â€Å"to cause someone to display emotion.† Here are examples: After Ferrer took office, when opponents really wanted to get his goat, they taunted him as â€Å"Stanley Ferrer.† The name made him seethe. Extreme left liberals and ultra-right conservatives both  get his goat. What seems to get his goat the most is that the recession seems to have knocked away people’s interest in the environment. Maitreya is famous for having subdued his temper through learning ‘patience under insult.’ You simply can’t upset him. Insults, curses, even blows will not get his goat or shake his equanimity.   The origin of the expression is, as they say, â€Å"obscure.† Various creative explanations have been put forth, including one that suggests the expression derives from the practice of giving racehorses goats as companions to keep them calm. The convoluted reasoning is that if someone were to â€Å"get† the goat before a race, the horse would be too upset to run well. If the expression does in fact derive from some connection with the animal–and not from some forgotten slang meaning for the word goat–I think it may relate to one of several associations with goats that exist in our culture. I won’t go into all of them now, but one characteristic is liveliness. The wild playful way goats jump about with sudden leaps and turns gives us the words caprice and capricious. It’s not much of a stretch to associate â€Å"to get one’s goat† with this aspect of goat behavior. I once watched someone try to get her pet goat under control. She looked like someone trying to catch a grasshopper without a net. The expression â€Å"to get one’s goat† could have something to do with comparing the struggle to control turbulent emotions to the difficulty of trying to catch a goat. I have found a quotation that bears out this explanation. It predates the one in the OED. In this example, a union president is taken by surprise when presented with a beautiful commemorative gavel: At the last meeting of No. 16 ex-President Colbert proceeded to get the goat of President Knott. [] Mr. Knott was taken completely by surprise, and it was some moments before he could get his â€Å"goat† under control and thank the members of No. 16 for such a magnificent gift. –The Typographical Journal, Volume 35 (1909). Human beings want things to make sense. Speakers who replace goat with goad are making an interesting mental leap. A goad is a pointed object used to prod animals; ergo, a person prodded with a goad would become angry. Nevertheless, the idiom is â€Å"to get one’s goat.† Related post: The Sands and Hands of Time Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Idioms About Legs, Feet, and ToesWhen to Form a Plural with an ApostropheSentence Adverbs

Preschool Programs essays

Preschool Programs essays Unlike countries such as the United Kingdom, Sweden and Italy, the United States does not have a free, universal and comprehensive pre-school system. Early childhood education has been a neglected priority, to the detriment of the country's youngest citizens. After all, studies have shown that preschool and early childhood education programs have both short- and long-term positive effects on a child's physical, emotional and This paper argues that preschool programs can have a lasting impact on a child's life. Given the importance of this early foundation, the federal government should thus follow the European example and provide funding for preschool programs for the country's children. Children learn to develop fundamental motor skills in early childhood. These early motor skills later serve as foundations for more advanced movement, such as the coordination needed to play sports. Researchers believe that children need to learn early motor skills to participate successfully in more advanced activities as they grow older (Hoffman). According to researchers, the best way to develop motor development is through interaction and through ensuring ample opportunities in a student's environment. This is particularly significant for children who have difficulty developing motor skills because of biological factors or because they live in neighborhoods that are not conducive to physical play (Hoffman). Such children risk falling behind their peers in their physical Researchers thus studies whether a preschool intervention program could help children who had developmental delays in the area of motor skills. The research focused on children who had problems with locomotor and object control skills. The results of their study showed that children who were enrolled in a "compensatory preschool program" performed better in locomotor skills activities such a...

Exemplifying Lawrence Kohlberg's notion of post-conventional moral Essay

Exemplifying Lawrence Kohlberg's notion of post-conventional moral reasoning, describe the major ethical (philosophical decision-making, not behavioral) problem in the Jehovahs Witness case - Essay Example In the present scenario however, the patient wants her life saved but without blood transfusion that is probably a requisite in her medical condition. Lawrence Kohlberg’s post conventional aspect of theory lays major emphasis on the person’s individual paradigm of ethics. So according to it the patient should not be given blood transfusion even if there is an 80% death probability otherwise. However the stage six of his post conventional theory involves making decision by imagining yourself in that someone’s position and doing what is right or what is deemed prudent for the patient in this case but mutual agreement is a condition in such a scenario. Since the patient is unwilling for a blood transfusion so it is important on behalf of the surgeons to respect her strongly orthodox perspective that she in unwilling to give up even in such a life threatening situation. In the present scenario the doctor will be imposed to watch the patient die but would not be able to do anything against her will. The patient will have to decide for herself the right course of treatment. A sensible desire when materialized is free from all restrain and powerful within its circle of influence. This freedom is attributed to it by the lawfulness of its essence. (Kant, 1909). In the present scenario the perpetrator will have breached not just the limit for ethical violation but also committed an assault both of the women body and her sense of protection. Information and communication technology has knitted the world together so closely that it is now called a global village. Everything is just a click away. People from far ranging islands and across seven seas are better connected than ever in history. As far as globalisation from the paradigm of medical studies is viewed, it has remarkably strengthened the process and aided in its pollination (Doel, 2003). It is the vector which carries vital information across borders and waters. Ehical professionalism is pollinated and

British Land Company and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Essay

British Land Company and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria - Essay Example position of the quoted property shares with the key ingredients for stronger performance, hinging on enhancing the level of performance, intensity of the business and accessibilities. Further as REIT, the company does not need to pay any property taxes on the profits and gains from the property business. However, it is necessary for 90% of the income from the exempted business needs to be distributed to shareholders. (British Land. 2007). Being one of the largest property management companies today, with assets under management in excess of  £18 billion and a market capitalisation of some  £5.8 billion, British Land invests primarily in UK property. The focus is on actively managing, financing and developing prime commercial property to create the environment in which modern business can thrive. Following the company’s takeover of Pillar Property PLC in summer 2005, the it is now manager/adviser to, and investor in, a number of offshore unit trusts with total assets of some  £3 billion. (British Land Company Plc. 2006). The regime allows the companies to be free of income tax and capital gains tax by release of just a one time payment. The tax problems the property companies have to undergo are in the context of the double taxation – there is a tax element at the time of rental income and profits, and again, at the time of disbursing dividends to the shareholders. In order to qualify for tax exemption, the company has to be a UK resident company, it has to be a close ended domestic company and should be listed with the Stock Exchanges. Also, it should have primarily two classes of shares, equity and non participating preferential share capital. The other governing conditions are in terms of the fact that it needs to have a minimum of 3 separate rental property of any kind, the valuation of any single property should constitute more than 40% of the total valuation and the company should be in a position to disburse at least 90% of its untaxed incomes as